Rwanda is modernizing its IP framework to foster innovation, particularly in technology and pharmaceuticals, while promoting stronger public-private collaboration and technology transfer. These efforts align with the country’s broader ambition, outlined in Vision 2050 and the National Strategy for Transformation (NST1), to transition from an agriculture-based, low-income economy into a knowledge-driven, high-income nation. The strategy focuses on economic transformation, human capital development, good governance, infrastructure expansion, and environmental sustainability, positioning Rwanda to achieve inclusive and sustainable growth.